Operations refer to the internal operations of an institution; systems, the ways in which those operations are managed (including the system of an industry). Using the vantage point of a Chief Operating Officer, this course offers a deep dive into the operations and systems of at least one large market-making company. Understanding large complex institutions offer a distinct contrast to much of the earlier stage, smaller-company, making work of the curriculum. This course explores lessons for optimizing production and process, innovative operational design, and systems design.